Part 2

The purpose of the oiling process:

Is to put a thin film of oil between the two surfaces adnexus moving one for the last so prevents oil without Tlameshma during movement and less resistance friction arising between them in order to avoid erosion that occurs inevitably if there is contact metal directly without membrane or layer of oil between them and leads to Tfahma preferably oil toolfor lubrication because property Tasgah with surfaces and property to his wife and consists membrane oil located between surfaces of several layers stick classes with external metal surface adjacent feature adhesion - while consolidating classes internal to each feature viscosity and preventing separation or cut or crack these layers from eachwhen sliding on top of each other under pressure during the movement of the moving parts also prevent his escape from between the surfaces as in other liquids.

 Viscosity:

Is a property express how much cohesion inner layers of liquid with each other or in other words the amount of resistance to flow and flow and friction layers medium with each when they tend to break during movement moving parts do not indicate viscosity on the good performance of the oil to functions not on the qualities but show strength incertain temperature and high viscosity oils, is borne by the high temperature without changing degree.

 Jobs lubricating oil:

 1 - Lubrication: oil prevents friction metal surfaces to each other that will prevent corrosion from surfaces or scratching them.

 2 - Cooling: absorbs heat from the oil cylinders and pistons and bearings (building) and other engine parts and transmitted to the oil tank attached mailbox and so prevents extended by and cohesion as a result of overheating.
3 - knitting and Conditions: fill the oil gap between the cylinders and between and piston seal rings and rings normalcy and thus prevent leakage of combustion gases to the outside.

 4 - Cleaning: mixed oil, soil and carbon resins and other exotic materials that formed inside the engine and carry with him to the oil tank attached mailbox where large molecules deposited in the hall and get rid of small particles suspended by the oil filter.
5 - Increase the ability learned: oil works to reduce the lost capacity to overcome the friction and due to leakage of combustion gases.
6 - deter shocks: works cushion deter votes resulting from trauma unit that occur between the moving parts from the sudden change in pressure when combustion which helps to quiet engine performance.

Types of friction: -

 1 - Dry friction:
Is the friction caused during itching between the two surfaces Javian without being separated by a membrane layer of oil or grease where overlap and cohere with each and therefore have a relatively high friction whenever touching rough surfaces at least somewhat soft whenever smooth.

 2 - Fatty friction:
This type of friction in the engine at the start of his administration, where oil may leak mostly internal layers of layers pistons and cylinders, as well as chairs surfaces pivot axles.
  * Therefore recommends engineers cars that leave the engine going on at slow speed for several minutes after the start of his administration and during the heated without load Engine RESISTANCE WELDERS movement on the road even given the opportunity to annex to the working direction of rotation to pull a layer of oil below and increasingly after working cycle lubrication to efficiently flow annex to its central position chair where there is no metal contact.

 3 - viscous friction:
 He brought up among two objects separated completely superficial membrane plenty of oil carries the moving object and therefore there is no metallic contact and friction becomes in this case arises between the layers of oil that move relative to each only called fluid friction.

 Characteristics which should be available in lubricating oils:

 1 - suitable viscosity fixed: - fixed-strength fits all the different operating conditions (high temperatures and low - wet and dry weather - running long distances and short and at high speeds and slow).

 2 - with considerable resistance to combustion: - It must be able to withstand the high temperatures that are exposed such as the degree heat walls cylinders and pistons and Aelchenibr while running the engine without burning so as not to consist a large proportion of carbon accumulating in the combustion chambers and deposited on the electrodes candle ignition.

 3 - is resistant to oxidation: - so as not to lead this oxidation to be colloidal layer resembling tar clog waterways and oil pipes in a layer resin resembling varnish impede the piston rings and valves and chemical materials to be effective they erode the moving parts.

 4 - is resistant foam: - It should not be a cause foam resembling foam egg whites when beaten bat by vibratiuncle mailbox facility and collide column came with it and mixing it with water resulting from the low temperatures as one of the combustion products or from condensation of water associated with air ventilation crankcase and workingthis foam to increase the volume of oil and thus spills from crankcase ventilation slot is less efficient process of oiling. And prevents formation of colloidal material change oil every short period of time or walk drive long distances from time to time to get rid of the water contained to the crankcase and evaporation as well as modern methods of crankcase ventilation.

The mineral oil which is to be drawn from the most suitable types of crude oil and the most common oils for use in the lubrication of motor as they change very slightly when exposed to air and no carbonization only rarely as giving speed engine management.

 And became oils now known degrees set by the Society of Automotive Engineers Society Of Automotive Engineers, a numbers (10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 90, 110) preceding each of these figures symbol SAE addition to the name of the oil that determines the type of service and indicates the number smalleroils with the viscosity coefficient is small and the largest number that the oil is the viscosity coefficient significantly.

 There are also some companies producing oils depending on the additions added to the oil as follows: -
- Standard Oil Reguler

It Oil output from the distillation of crude oil without weak additions efficiency and affected his wife high temperature and oxidized at high temperatures during operation and uses this oil on the engine with low compression ratios or old motors used for a long time before Umrah.

- Oil ad hoc Super

 He added to oil chemical additives to prevent oxidation and melt sediment combustion products and prevent the waxy resins or used on light engines (petrol) at the beginning of their use.
Oil operating hard [Heavy Duty HD]

 
This is a private oil additions for private use on diesel engines with high capacity.

Part 2

By Divani